Volume 13, Issue 2 (2025)
Health Educ Health Promot 2025, 13(2): 1001-1008 |
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Istanti Y, Adnani H. Individual and Environmental Determinants of Leptospirosis in Bantul, Indonesia: A Case-Control Study. Health Educ Health Promot 2025; 13 (2) :1001-1008
URL: http://hehp.modares.ac.ir/article-5-79776-en.html
URL: http://hehp.modares.ac.ir/article-5-79776-en.html
1- Department of Public Health, STIKES Surya Global, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2- STIKES Surya Global Yogyakarta ,harizaadnani541@gmail.com
2- STIKES Surya Global Yogyakarta ,
Abstract: (717 Views)
Background: Leptospirosis constitutes a significant zoonotic disease with substantial global distribution, particularly affecting tropical and subtropical region. Despite extensive documentation of its burden, significant knowledge deficits persist regarding localized transmission determinants, particularly concerning the relative contributions of individual versus environmental risk factors.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between individual factors (gender, occupation, education) and biotic environmental parameters (flood history, drainage condition, waste disposal condition) with leptospirosis incidence in the working area of Kasihan II Bantul Public Helath Center during 2022-2023.
Methods: An observational analytical study with retrospective case-control design was implemented. Total sampling yielded 34 participants, comprising 17 laboratory confirmed leptospirosis cases and 17 community-matched controls from the same catchment area. Data collection employed structured questionnaires assessing sociodemographics parameters, occupational exposures, and environmental conditions. Analysis employed chi-square tests to evaluate associations between independent variables and leptospirosis status, with odds ratios and corresponding 95% convidence intervals calculated to quantify risk magnitude.
Results: Significant association were identified between leptospirosis and male gender (OR=5.760, 95% CI: 1.317-25.187) and high risk occupation (OR=6.667, 95% CI: 1.377-32.278). Educational attainment and environmental parameters including flood history, drainage conditions, and waste disposal infrastructure demonstrated non-significant association despite elevated risk estimates. Demoraphic analysis revealed predominance of middle-aged and older adults (64.8% aged 246-65 years), with balanced gender distribution and high prevalence of lower educational attainment (91.2%).
Conclusion: The predominance of individual rather than environmental risk factors suggest that personal protection and behavioral modification approaches may constitutes high-priority intervention targets, particularly among male workers.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between individual factors (gender, occupation, education) and biotic environmental parameters (flood history, drainage condition, waste disposal condition) with leptospirosis incidence in the working area of Kasihan II Bantul Public Helath Center during 2022-2023.
Methods: An observational analytical study with retrospective case-control design was implemented. Total sampling yielded 34 participants, comprising 17 laboratory confirmed leptospirosis cases and 17 community-matched controls from the same catchment area. Data collection employed structured questionnaires assessing sociodemographics parameters, occupational exposures, and environmental conditions. Analysis employed chi-square tests to evaluate associations between independent variables and leptospirosis status, with odds ratios and corresponding 95% convidence intervals calculated to quantify risk magnitude.
Results: Significant association were identified between leptospirosis and male gender (OR=5.760, 95% CI: 1.317-25.187) and high risk occupation (OR=6.667, 95% CI: 1.377-32.278). Educational attainment and environmental parameters including flood history, drainage conditions, and waste disposal infrastructure demonstrated non-significant association despite elevated risk estimates. Demoraphic analysis revealed predominance of middle-aged and older adults (64.8% aged 246-65 years), with balanced gender distribution and high prevalence of lower educational attainment (91.2%).
Conclusion: The predominance of individual rather than environmental risk factors suggest that personal protection and behavioral modification approaches may constitutes high-priority intervention targets, particularly among male workers.
Keywords: leptospirosis, epidemiological determinants, Indonesia, zoonotic disease, risk factors, public health
Article Type: Original Research |
Subject:
Social Determinants of Health
Received: 2025/03/4 | Accepted: 2025/03/12 | Published: 2025/04/21
Received: 2025/03/4 | Accepted: 2025/03/12 | Published: 2025/04/21
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