O. Ryosuke , Sh. Kazuma ,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Aims: Malignant tumors, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease stand as the primary causes of mortality in Japan. This study was done to elucidate potential correlations between lifestyle-related factors and mortality rates at the prefectural level.
Instrument & Methods: This descriptive study utilized the 2nd National Database Open Data and the 2015 Vital Statistics to explore the correlation between responses to the Specified Health Examination Questionnaire and age-adjusted mortality rates for malignant tumors, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease among individuals aged 40-74 in each prefecture. Multiple regression analysis, incorporating the stepwise variable increase/decrease method, was employed to pinpoint lifestyle habits influencing mortality rates.
Findings: The multiple regression analysis unveiled distinct connections between lifestyle habits and mortality rates for each disease. Smoking habits, eating speed, and drinking habits were identified as factors linked to mortality from malignant tumors. Regarding heart disease, an increase of more than 10kg from body weight at age 20, drinking habits, eating speed, and meal time emerged as significant lifestyle contributors. Increased mortality from cerebrovascular disease was associated with drinking and smoking habits, lifestyle modification behaviors, breakfast-skipping habits, eating speed, walking speed, and getting enough rest from sleep.
Conclusion: Lifestyle habits within each prefecture are associated with fluctuations in mortality rates for the three primary causes of death.
Volume 31, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Abstract
Few studies have explored the relationship between non-cognitive factors in different educational settings and with different age groups. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a relationship between Study Habits (SH) and Commitment to Ethical Codes (CEC) and their ability to predict the academic performance of language learners in schools and universities (547 students aged under 18 – above 35 years old). The instruments used are adapted versions of questionnaires which were made into one survey tool with each measure in distinct sections. The results showed a significant relationship between SH and CEC displaying a positive relationship in all age groups (a highest relationship in the age group of 18-22, P< 0.05) and in both male/females with male participants reported having the highest relationship (P< 0.05). The study concludes that CEC needs to be considered and assessed during school years with additional training to language learners to help them learn or modify SH to increase their performance at the time of entry into university.
