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Showing 2 results for Ghadyani
Leila Ghadyani, Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian, Anoshirvan Kazemnejad,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (Issue 3 - 2014)
Abstract
Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between chronic mechanical low back pain and work-related risky behaviors of nurses at hospitals in Tehran.
Methods: In order to determine the relationship between chronic mechanical low back pain and work-related risky behaviors of nurses, a cross-sectional was conducted among nurses in general hospitals in Tehran- Iran from April 17, 2014 to July 16, 2014. Five hundred eligible nurses, who were working in the different wards of under study hospitals, were included in this study. A researcher- designed 50 - item questionnaire was used to collect data. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (alpha=0.91), and test-retest evaluation (ICC=0.94) of the scale confirmed reliability of the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS.v16 through descriptive and analytic tests. P-value < 0.05 was considered significant in both analyses. Findings: In total, five hundred nurses with mean age of 37.71+ 6.75 years took part in the study. 168 nurses (33.6%) were male and 332 nurses were (64.4%) female. The majority of nurses who were working more than 15 years (75%) were suffering from low back pain. Low back pain was more prevalent among female nurses (68%) compared to male nurses (32%). Most participants believed that excessive physical tension and hard work at their worksite were the causes of their chronic low back pain. There were no significant differences between two genders in this regard (P>0.5). In contrast with men, the majority of females (N= 222, 66.8%) believed that psychological tensions at work have been the reasons for their chronic low back pain.
Conclusion: Iranian nurses believed that work – related physical and psychosocial factors could result in low back pain.
Volume 24, Issue 3 (March 2024)
Abstract
In this study, a new upwind scheme has been used to solve the continuous Boltzmann equation and to develop its application in the effective solution of incompressible flows. Time derivative in the Boltzmann equation has been discretized using the first-order forward finite difference scheme. The spatial derivatives in the Boltzmann equation have been discretized using this new scheme. Further, the combined effects of the upwind differential mechanism along with the finite difference method are presented to enhancement the stability of the standard lattice Boltzmann method in solving problems with high Reynolds numbers. To confirm the validation of the proposed method, one unsteady problem, this has an analytical solution, and two incompressible steady problems which have not analytical solutions, have been solved numerically. The first benchmark problem is the conductive heat transfer on a slab and two last problems are flow over a flat plate and flow in a lid-driven cavity. In order to check the numerical accuracy and stability of the proposed method, the results have been compared with the standard lattice Boltzmann method and the finite difference lattice Boltzmann method. The proposed method guarantees that without applying the filtering method, more stable and accurate results are obtained compared with the finite difference lattice Boltzmann method. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the present method and its appropriate compatibility with analytical solutions and other numerical methods.
