An Exploration of Coping Styles in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and their Association with Demographic Factors

Authors
Bibinarge Moasheri 1
Hamideh Ahangari 2
Ensiyeh Norozi 3
Majid Shayesteh 4
1 M.Sc. in Community Health Nursing, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
2 M.Sc. student of Health Education and Health Promotion, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Health education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
4 M.D. (Diabetologist), Center for Disease Control, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
Abstract
Aim: Diabetes mellitus and the patients’ need for self-care may bring several challenges in the daily life of diabetic patients. This necessitates the obligation to adopt coping strategies against stress in order to adjust with the governing conditions. The purpose of this study was to explore coping styles in type 2 diabetic patients and their potential associations with demographic factors.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 201 patients with type 2 diabetes were incorporated from the Tehran-based Dornian Care Clinic and evaluated using the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (ver. 16) at the significance level of 0.05.
Findings: The diabetic patients in this study adopted avoidant (72.1%), emotion-oriented (17.9%), and problem-based (10%) coping strategies. While problem-oriented and emotion-oriented strategies correlated with gender, avoidant style did not. Married individuals used avoidant strategies more than singles. There was a significant relationship only between the use of problem-solving strategies and education level. Also there was a significant relationship between the complications of diabetes and adoption of problem-oriented strategies.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, diabetic patients have hard times in the face of stresses of life events and the subsequent challenges of their disease. Counseling seems beneficial in order for effective teaching of coping strategies to diabetic patients.

Keywords

1. Hatamloo Sadabadi M , Babapour Kheirodin J. Comparison of Quality of Life and Coping Strategies in Diabetic and Non Diabetic People. JSSU 2012; 20(5): 581-92. [In Persian]
2. Amiri Z, Yazdanbakhsh K .Comparison of Coping Styles and Mental Health in Patients with Type II Diabetes and Non-diabetic Individuals. JDN 2014; 2(3): 20-8. [In Persian]
3. Esmaili A, Asadnia S, Easazadeh A, Amirsardari L, Issazadeghan A, Ansari B. Evaluation of the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on decreasing depression levels and improving the lifestyle of patients with type 2diabetes. Urmia Med J 2013; 24: 812-22. [In Persian]
4. Zahrakar K. A Study of Effectiveness of Group-based Rational, Emotive, Behavior Therapy (REBT) on Decrease of Stress
among Diabetic Patients. JKH 2012; 7(4): 160-4. [In Persian]
5. Gafvels C,Wandell PE.Coping strategie in men and women with type 2 diabetes in Swedish Primary Care. DRCP 2006; 71(3): 280–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2005.07.001
6. Amini N, SHikhiyaei M, Fakori Z. Coping Skills with Mental Health of Women's Teacher's. JZVJ 2011; 2(6): 103-28. [In Persian]
7. Chouhan VL, Shalini V. Coping strategies for stress and adjustment among diabetics. JIAAP 2006; 32(2): 106-11.
8. Tuncay T, Musabak I, Engin Gok D, Kutlu
M. The relationship between anxiety, coping strategies and characteristics of patients with diabetes. HQLO 2008; 6(79): 1-9. DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-6-79
9. Taheri N, Hojjati H, Mousavi M, Afra A, Dehghan B. The Survey of Anxiety and Depression Prevalence in Diabetic Patient Referred to Abadan Taleghani and Khorramshahr Valiasr Hospitals. JDN 2011; 1(2): 21-31. [In Persian]
10. Poursharifi H, Alipour A, Zare H, Afkhami Ardakani M, Arab Sheybani Kh. Role of personality type in effect of stress on glycosylated haemoglobin and cortisol in type II diabetic women. Horizon Med Sci 2013; 19(1): 47-51. [In Persian]
11. Mirzaei A, Mohammadi S, Mazloomy SS, Mazloomy SS, Mirzaei A, Mohammadi S Study of Depression Prevalence in the Patients with Type II Diabetes Referring to Yazd Diabetes Research Centers in 2008.
TBJ 2008; 7(1-2): 30-5. [In Persian]
12. Coelho R, Amorim I, Prata J. Coping styles and quality of life in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J of Psychosomatics 2003; 44(4): 312-8.
13. Sadeghi Movahed F, Molavi P, Sharghi A, Narimani M, Mohammadnia H, Dylami P, RajabiS On the relationship between coping strategies and mental health of diabetic patients. JFMH 2010; 12(2): 480-7. [In Persian] DOI: 10.22038/jfmh.2010.1087
14. Vaezy M, Aghamohamadian H, Ghanbar BA. Comparative Exploration of Stressors and Coping Strategies in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Subjects. Asrar, (JSUMS) 2010; 17(1): 27-32. [In Persian]
15. Khedri B, Dabagh P. Study of relationship between coping styles and mental health of soldiers. NPWJM 2014; 2: 195-200. [In Persian]
16. Soleymani T, Babaee K, Atadokht A. The
Role of Distinguished Psychological Resilience and Coping Styles Emotional-Oriented Coping and Problem-Focused Coping Styles in Predicting Students' Psychological Distress Profile and Comparison on the Basis of Gender. CIU 2016; 6: 233-50. [In Persian]
17. Masodiniya E. Perceived Self-efficacy and Coping Strategies in Stressful Situations. IJPCP 2008; 13(4): 405-15. [In Persian]
18. Niknami M, Dehghani F, Bouraki S, Kazem Nejad Leili E, Soleimani R. Strategies among Students of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. HNMJ 2015; 24(4): 62-8. [In Persian]
19. Hamid N, Mazarei R, PaK S. Correlation between Daily Stresses and Coping Styles with Mental Health in Patients with Migraine Headache. ZUMSJ 2013; 21(84): 73-81. [In Persian]
20. Inanloo M, Baha R, Seyedfatemi N, Hosseini AF. Stress Coping Styles among Nursing Students. Hayat 2012; 18(3): 66-75. [In Persian]
Health Education and Health Promotion
Volume 5, Issue 4
Autumn 2017
Pages 55-63