Health Education and Health Promotion

Abstract Aims: Health literacy includes a range of critical skills that allow individuals to empower themselves to promote health behaviors. This study aimed to review the articles related to health literacy in the last 20 years and explain the factors associated with health literacy or predict it.
Information & Methods: This systematic review examined quantitative research articles published from 2002 to 2022 and indexed in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. 887 articles were retrieved, and based on inclusion/exclusion criteria, 55 articles were reviewed.
Factors with the most frequent were reported and discussed. The role (prediction or association) was determined based on the highest frequency. The PRISMA 2009 framework was used to conduct a transparent process.
Findings: Younger people, white people, females, people with higher education levels, good social status, occupation, especially lifetime main occupations, higher individual income, higher knowledge level, and healthy people had high levels of health literacy. Also, the factors that had a significant relationship with health literacy (predictive or related) were different in patients and healthy people.
Conclusion: Health literacy includes various constructs and is related to different factors (as predictors or associated with health literacy). It may differ based on socio-economic and demographic characteristics in different communities.

Abstract Aims: One of the crucial issues of the health system in developing countries is the unequal distribution of health, which leads to inequality in social status and living conditions. Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women aged 20 to 39 in developing countries. However, its social determinants are not yet fully understood. The present systematic review was conducted to collect the social determinants of health in cervical cancer that have been identified so far.
Information & Methods: This systematic review was conducted from December 2020 to April 2021 by reviewing Persian and English articles published in journals on social determinants of cervical cancer by the PRISMA method. First, the scientific databases were searched in the period 2000-2020 using "Social Determinants of Health", "Human Papillomavirus", and "Cervical Cancer" keywords (2333 English articles and 63 Persian articles were found). After evaluation, 20 articles (18 English and 2 Persian articles) were included in the study. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes) checklist extracted data from selected articles.
Findings: articles were reviewed, and social determinants of health in cervical cancer were presented in two general categories: structural (education, income, and race and ethnicity) and intermediate (access to services, behavioral factors, environmental-living conditions, and psychosocial factors).
Conclusion: The social determinants of health in the structural and intermediate sectors and their interaction affect cervical cancer. All aspects of cervical cancer are affected by prevention, screening, early detection, treatment, and rehabilitation.

Abstract Aims: National sociological studies of the social health of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North have become especially relevant at the current stage of society's development. The purpose of the study is to consider and analyze the issue of the social health of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North.
Information & Methods: The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was the works of Russian and foreign scientists devoted to the problems of socio-economic development of the territories of the North. As a methodological basis of the research, system analysis, synthesis, abstraction, analogy, generalization, and classification were used.
Findings: The study systematizes approaches to identifying the social health of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, gives its definition and identifies its analysis areas. It is argued that the material substrate of the influence mechanism of the social aspect of health on the representatives of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North is a social connection, and relationships that provide various support have a positive socio-regulating and mobilizing effect.
Conclusion: Several indicators adapted to the needs and peculiarities of the territories of the indigenous small-numbered peoples' residence were proposed, which allow assessing their social health and quality of life. The proposed materials of the paper can serve as a basis for the development of an indicative model of social health, which can be used as a diagnostic tool in pedagogical and social work.