Health Education and Health Promotion

Abstract Aims: This study aimed to explore the correlation between social capital and loneliness among older adults residing in Pekanbaru, Indonesia.
Instrument & Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized multistage clustered sampling combined with consecutive techniques to enroll 257 participants from the Payung Sekaki sub-district and was conducted between January and February 2022. The Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Social Engagement Questionnaire, and Loneliness Questionnaire were administered to collect data and the obtained data were analyzed by the Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis using SPSS 22.
Findings: The results indicated significant associations between loneliness and age, gender, education, marital status, and social capital among older individuals. The results of the multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression revealed that education (p=0.010; OR=0.362; 95% CI=0.167-0.784) and social network (p=0.015; OR=1.836; 95% CI=1.150-2.677) were significant predictors of loneliness.
Conclusion: Socio-demographic characteristics and social capital are associated with loneliness.

Abstract Aims: Most of the world population who is at work and production age does not have appropriate and regular physical activity for various reasons. Accordingly, the researchers tried to evaluate the effect of physical activity predictors of employees through the path analysis based on the Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM). Methods and Materials: We conducted this study on 359 employees of the milk and milk powder production factories in Mashhad. A questionnaire consisted of items related to the structure of the Pender's Health Promotion Model (Perceived Benefits, Perceived Barriers, Prior Related Behavior, Perceived Self-Efficacy, Activity Related Affect, Personal Factors, Interpersonal Influences and Situational Influences) and the IPAQ standard questionnaire related to the physical activity were designed and applied in interviews as data collection instruments. Findings: One fourth of the employees had proper physical activity. Generally, structures of the Pender's Health Promotion Model predicted 34.8 % of the physical activity behavior variance. Regression analysis has shown that the predictability of Prior Related Behavior, Perceived Self-Efficacy, Personal Factors, Activity Related Affect and Interpersonal Influences are significant and Situational Influences are nearly significant. Prior Related Behavior (β = 0.45, P < 0.000) and Self-Efficacy (β = 0.17, PConclusions: The findings of the study revealed that HPM is efficient in identifying and predicting the physical activity behavior. This pattern can be used as a framework for planning and implementing educational interventions in order to improve the physical activity of the adult employees.