1 2588-5715 Afarand Scholarly Publishing Institute 9209 Health Literacy and Breast Cancer Communication Pourhaji Fatemeh b Ghofranipour Fazlollah c b Ph.D. Candidate of Health Education and Health Promotion and Research Committee, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran c Professor, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 1 8 2016 4 3 1 2 19 07 2017 01 08 2016 Breast cancer prevention and control efforts serve as priorities in Iran, as breast cancer is, the common leading cause of death women in the country. It seems effective communication can play important role in increasing Breast cancer screening. On the other hand, health literacy is increasing recognized as a critical factor affecting communication across the continuum of breast cancer screening behavior. A goal outlined in healthy people 2020 call for improving health literacy by the use of health communication (1, 2). Health literacy is the capacity to obtain, process, and understand breast cancer information and services needed to make appropriate health care decisions (3). Women with poor health literacy have a complex set of problems with written and oral communication that may their understanding of breast cancer screening and of symptoms of breast cancer, adversely affecting their stage at early diagnosis (4). In addition, these barriers destroy communication and discussion about the risks and benefits of prevention and treatment options, and women understanding of informed consent for routine procedures and clinical trials, more research is required to identify successful methods for educating and communicating with women who have limited and low health literacy. Individuals with low health literacy may be limited in their ability to access and navigate the breast cancer care system, make appropriate health decisions, and practice on health care information understanding the factors that contribute to miscommunication is important in solving the difficulties included by low health literacy.
9277 Determining the Most Important Hazards in the Cement Industry with a Cost Reduction and Process Optimization Approach Abbasi Balochkhaneh Faezeh d ghotbi ravandi mohamad reza e Golkhani Fatemeh f Baesmat Saeed g hasan pour sodrejani zahra h d B.Sc., Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran e Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Health, Kerman School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran f B.Sc., Department of Occupational Health, Kerman School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran g B.Sc., Department of Occupational Health, Kerman School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran h B.Sc., Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran 1 8 2016 4 3 3 11 22 07 2017 01 08 2016 Aim: Occupational health with the goals of providing, maintaining and enhancing the physical, psychological and social health of employees and preventing harmful factors is important.One of the ways of preventing occupational hazards is to identify them in the workplace. So the purpose of this research is to identify hazards and risk assessment in order to provide the necessary information to help make the decisions required to reduce the occupation-related risks.Methods: In this study, we used a combination of FMEA and AHP methods to assess the occupational risks of the cement industry.Findings: In this study, eight hazards were first examined by the FMEA method, which was the highest risk priority number for occupational hazards. Then the hierarchical analysis process technique was used to evaluate and rank the hazards, with the risk of working at an elevated level with a relative weight of 0.2234 in the first place and the dangers of working with machinery with a relative weight of 0.20864.Conclusion: The manufacturing activities in this industry are required to work in different conditions such as high altitude, work and contact with dangerous rotating and moving equipment, and high-risk manufacturing processes that provide suitable safety controls and structures for the protection of human capital and even upgrading machines. Therefore, the health of the staff and the work environment is necessary. 4876 The Prevalence of Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Their Association with Demographic Factors Ahangari Hamideh i Moasheri Bibinarges j Norouzi Ensiyeh k Shayesteh Majid l i MSc Student of Health Education, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. j M.Sc. of Community Health Nursing, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran k Assistant Professor, PhD of Health Education and Health Promotion Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran l MD (Diabetologist), Center for Disease Control, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran 1 8 2016 4 3 13 22 02 08 2017 01 08 2016 Aim: Psychosocial problems override in patients with type 2 diabetes than healthy individuals. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression, stress and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes as well as their association with demographic factors.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 201 patients with type 2 diabetes were incorporated using convenience sampling method from the Tehran-based Dornian Care Clinic. The instrument consisted of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS). The collected data were analyzed in the SPSS software (ver. 16) at the significance level of 0.05.Findings: In this study, there were 25% male and 75% female participants, with a mean age of 47 years. In terms of education level, they had high school diploma. The prevalence rate of depression, stress and anxiety was 83.1%, 78.1% and 96%, respectively. There was no significant association between stress and age. Depression, anxiety and stress correlated significantly with education level. There was also a significant relationship between anxiety and diabetes complications. Nevertheless, there were no significant relationships between anxiety, stress and depression and the demographic factors of age, duration of diabetes and marital status.Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of depression, stress and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes, it seems necessary to administer a screening program for mental disorders. Provision of psychiatric consultation also appears beneficial. 10727 Stages of Physical Activity in Patients after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: Application of Trans-Theoretical Model Rahimi Tahereh m Moazzami Zeinab n Tarbiat Masoud o Soltanian Alireza p m Ph.D. Candidate of Health Education and Health Promotion, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran n M.Sc. in Health Education and Promotion, Department of Neurosurgery, Be’sat Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran o Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran p Associate Professor of Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 1 8 2016 4 3 23 36 18 07 2017 01 08 2016 Aim: Continuous physical activity is required after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery to prevent recurrence of the disease; however, its amount is not suitable in many patients. The present study aimed to investigate the stages of physical activity in patients after CABG using the Trans-Theoretical Model (TTM).Methods: In this cross-sectional research, 120 cardiac patients participated; they had CABG surgery and referred to Ekbatan Hospital of Hamadan. Sampling was conducted using a purpose-based approach. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire based on the TTM and analyzed using the SPSS18 software. Descriptive statistics and statistical processes of one-way ANOVA, Tukey's post-hoc, and Chi-square tests were also conducted at a significant level of p<0.05.Findings: The mean age of the participants was 57.87±9.89 years. From the 120 patients under study, 4.2% were in the pre-contemplation phase, 14.2% in the contemplation stage, 58.3% in the preparation stage, 10.8% in the action stage, and 12.5% in the maintenance phase of the physical activity. The results of ANOVA test showed a significant difference between the stages of change in behavior with perceived advantages, perceived disadvantages, perceived self-efficacy, and processes of change (p <0.001).Conclusion: The results showed that many patients did not have regular physical activity after surgery. This makes clear the need for educational interventions based on theoretical models by health educators. 11544 Effects of Predisposing, Reinforcing and Enabling Factors on the Self-care Behaviors of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Nejhaddadgar Nazila Ebadifard Azar Farbod Solhi Mahnaz amani firouz Ph.D. Candidate in Health Education and Health Promotion, Department of Health Care Services and Health Education, Faculty of Health, International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Professor, Department of Health Care Services and Health Education, Faculty of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Associate Professor, Department of Health Care Services and Health Education, Faculty of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Ardebil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran 1 8 2016 4 3 37 45 22 07 2017 01 08 2016 Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a life time disease that requires change in patients' self-care and life style. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of predisposing, reinforcing and enabling factors on the self-care of patients with DM in Ardabil City, Iran in 2016.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 129 patients with DM referred to the diabetic centers of Ardabil. We used the components of PRECEDE model for planning the program. The educational program was executed on six information sessions. Changes in the predisposing, reinforcing, enabling factors and self-care behaviors one month after the intervention activities were assessed by using the same questionnaire. Data were analyzed through SPSS 16 software using descriptive and analytical tests.Findings: The mean age of the patients was 56.82(±13.4) years, 69.8% of them were married and 20.2% were illiterate. According to the results, the mean scores for the knowledge, attitude, self-efficiency, self-care behavior, and reinforcement factors increased significantly after the educational intervention (p-value >0.001).Conclusion: Educational intervention with PRECEDE-PROCEED model improved the diabetic patient’s self-care. 8204 Spiritual Well-being of the Elderly Residing in Zahedan City (South-East of Iran) seraji maryam Shojaeizadeh Davoud Rakhshani Fatemeh Sadeghi Roya Ph.D. Health Education & Health Promotion, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zahedan, Iran Professor, Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Email: Professor, Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS), Tehran, Iran Associate Professor, Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran 1 8 2016 4 3 47 54 15 07 2017 01 08 2016 Aim: Spiritual well-being is one of the most important aspects of health that provides the integration and coordination of all aspects. However, due to the increasing number of the elderly, it is important to pay more attention to their health. This study was conducted to determine the spiritual well-being of the elderly residents of Zahedan in 2016.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 117 elderly people residing in Zahedan. They were selected through population-based cluster random sampling to participate in the study. In order to measure spiritual well-being and evaluate its relationship with demographic variables we made use of Paloutzian and Ellison’s spiritual well-being questionnaire. Moreover, we used descriptive statistics for determining frequency, mean, and standard deviation, as well as t- test, and ANOVA in order to analyze the data.Findings: The results showed that spiritual health of the majority of the participants was from moderate to high level, and the mean score of their spiritual well-being was (88.98±7.35). The results indicated that the participants’ spiritual health is not related to any of the demographic variables.Conclusion: The protection coming from religious or spiritual resources and having a relationship with a higher power can be useful for improving the quality of life and health promotion. Since the elderly people are considered as a vulnerable group in the society, the need for educational planning and counseling services in this field is crucial. 6436 Prediction of Osteoporosis Preventive Behaviors through the Use of the Health Belief Model (HBM) Zareban Iraj Tavallai Marzieh Shahrakipour Mahnaz Kourki Nejad Gharaei Fatemeh Associate Professor, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran M.Sc. of Health Education and Promotion, Student Research Committee, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Associate ProfessorDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Student Research Committee, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran 1 8 2016 4 3 55 62 23 07 2017 01 08 2016 Aim: Nowadays, life is endangering women’s health, so that without organizational support, women are engaged in unhealthy life styles. Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease that increases the risk of bone fracture by creating a structural abnormality in the bone. Osteoporosis is a common disease among middle-age and older persons, especially women. Therefore, the necessity of implementing strategic plans to prevent osteoporosis is significantly important. This study was designed to determine the prediction of osteoporosis preventive behaviors using the Health Belief Model (HBM).Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 200 women referred to the health centers in Taft in 2016. A stage simple random sampling was used. In order to gather the data a questionnaire consistent with the structures of HBM was used. Data were analyzed using the SPSS v16 and descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, and mean±SD) and analysis (Linear regression). The significance level was 0.5.Findings: The mean age of the participants was 53 years. Linear regression analysis showed the perceived awareness among the participants (p> 0.001).Conclusion: The results showed that HBM is able to predict well the osteoporosis preventive behaviors in women. The findings of this survey confirm the efficiency of HBM in adopting preventive actions of osteoporosis.