Volume 9, Issue 3 (2021)
Health Educ Health Promot 2021, 9(3): 185-192 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Momenabadi V, Pourtaheri A, Moayedi S. Predicting the Self-Care Behaviors Associated with COVID-19 in Southeastern Iran; a Cross-Sectional Study. Health Educ Health Promot 2021; 9 (3) :185-192
URL: http://hehp.modares.ac.ir/article-5-46640-en.html
URL: http://hehp.modares.ac.ir/article-5-46640-en.html
1- School of Public Health, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
2- School of Public Health, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran , asmapourtaheri@yahoo.com
3- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
2- School of Public Health, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran , asmapourtaheri@yahoo.com
3- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
Abstract: (1508 Views)
Aims: With the new COVID-19, a global effort has been made to control and prevent the spread of the disease. Self-care behavior is known to be an effective way to prevent COVID 19. Physical distancing, hand washing are important examples of self-care actions. This study aimed to model and determine the predictors of self-care behavior about the new COVID-19.
Instrument & Methods: Cross-sectional correlational design was used for this study. This study was performed on 1083 people in Kerman Province, Iran, using the available sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the main constructs of the Health Belief Model and constructs derived from the review of the literature. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 22 and AMOS 18 software.
Findings: The mean age of the participants was 32.36±9.34, with an age range of 10 to 65 years. The model explained 72% of the variance in self-care behaviors. The SEM showed that self-efficacy (β=0.685; SE=0.097; p=0.001), perceived severity (β=0.419; SE=0.064; p=0.001), perceived benefits (β=0.288; SE=0.061; p=0.001), health importance (β=0.19; SE=0.063; p=0.001) and knowledge (β=0.248; SE=0.025; p=0.001) were positively and significantly related and perceived barriers (β=0.199, SE=0.046, p=0.001) was negatively and significantly related to self-care behaviors.
Conclusion: Constructs of self-efficacy, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, health importance, and knowledge are the main predictors of self-care and preventive behaviors associated with the novel coronavirus. Therefore, this model can promote self-care programs and predict the incidence and mortality of COVID-19.
Instrument & Methods: Cross-sectional correlational design was used for this study. This study was performed on 1083 people in Kerman Province, Iran, using the available sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the main constructs of the Health Belief Model and constructs derived from the review of the literature. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 22 and AMOS 18 software.
Findings: The mean age of the participants was 32.36±9.34, with an age range of 10 to 65 years. The model explained 72% of the variance in self-care behaviors. The SEM showed that self-efficacy (β=0.685; SE=0.097; p=0.001), perceived severity (β=0.419; SE=0.064; p=0.001), perceived benefits (β=0.288; SE=0.061; p=0.001), health importance (β=0.19; SE=0.063; p=0.001) and knowledge (β=0.248; SE=0.025; p=0.001) were positively and significantly related and perceived barriers (β=0.199, SE=0.046, p=0.001) was negatively and significantly related to self-care behaviors.
Conclusion: Constructs of self-efficacy, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, health importance, and knowledge are the main predictors of self-care and preventive behaviors associated with the novel coronavirus. Therefore, this model can promote self-care programs and predict the incidence and mortality of COVID-19.
Article Type: Descriptive & Survey |
Subject:
Health Education and Health Behavior
Received: 2020/10/17 | Accepted: 2021/03/17 | Published: 2021/08/31
Received: 2020/10/17 | Accepted: 2021/03/17 | Published: 2021/08/31
References
1. Wu JT LK, Leung GM. Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: A modelling study. Lancet. 2020;395(10225):689-97. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30260-9]
2. Lai CC, Shi TP, Ko WC, Tang HJ, Hsueh PR. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(3):105924. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924] [PMID] [PMCID]
3. Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomed. 2020;91(1):157-60. [Link]
4. World health organization. WHO Coronavirus dashboard [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 [cited Unknown]. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/. [Link]
5. World health organization. Coronavirus in Iran (Islamic Republic of) [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 [cited Unknown]. Available from: https://www.who.int/countries/irn. [Link]
6. Bekele D, Tolossa T, Tsegaye R, Teshome W. The knowledge and practice towards COVID-19 pandemic prevention among residents of Ethiopia: An online cross-sectional study. Plos One. 2021;16(1):0234585. [Link] [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0234585] [PMID] [PMCID]
7. World health organization. Self-care during COVID-19 [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 [cited Unknown]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/photo-story/photo-story-detail/self-care-during-covid-19. [Link]
8. Salimian S, Esmaieli R, Dabirian A, Mansoorin S, Zohari Anboohi S. The survey of factors related to self-efficacy based on Orem's theory in patients with coronary artery bypass surgery in Tehran in 2014. Adv Nurs Midwifery. 2015;25(90):9-16. [Persian] [Link]
9. Mehraeen E, Hayati B, Saeidi S, Heydari M, Seyedalinaghi S. Self-care instructions for people not requiring hospitalization for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Arch Clin Infect Dis. 2020;15:102978. [Persian] [Link] [DOI:10.5812/archcid.102978]
10. Shahnazi H, Ahmadi-Livani M, Pahlavanzadeh B, Rajabi A, Hamrah MS, Charkazi A. Assessing preventive health behaviors from COVID-19: a cross sectional study with health belief model in Golestan province, northern of Iran. Infect Dis Poverty. 2020;9(1):157. [Link] [DOI:10.1186/s40249-020-00776-2] [PMID] [PMCID]
11. Costa MF. Health belief model for coronavirus infection risk determinants. Rev Saude Public. 2020;54:47. [Link] [DOI:10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002494] [PMID] [PMCID]
12. Mo PKH, Wong CH, Lam EHK. Can the health belief model and moral responsibility explain influenza vaccination uptake among nurses. J Adv Nurs. 2019;75(6):1188-206. [Link] [DOI:10.1111/jan.13894] [PMID]
13. Fall E, Izaute M, Chakroun-Baggioni N. How can the health belief model and self-determination theory predict both influenza vaccination and vaccination intention? a longitudinal study among university students. Psychol Health. 2018;33(6):746-64. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/08870446.2017.1401623] [PMID]
14. Mo PKH, Lau JTF. Influenza vaccination uptake and associated factors among elderly population in Hong Kong: The application of the health belief model. Health Educ Res. 2015;30(5):706-18. [Link] [DOI:10.1093/her/cyv038] [PMID]
15. Yazdani MH, Montazer F. Analysis of indicators of health status in provinces and ten regions of Iran. Health Dev J. 2020;6(4):290-301. [Persian] [Link]
16. Ahmadi Tabatabaei SV, Ardabili HE, Haghdoost AA, Dastoorpoor M, Nakhaee N, Shams M. Factors affecting physical activity behavior among women in Kerman based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2017;19(10). [Persian] [Link] [DOI:10.5812/ircmj.14057]
17. Tarka P. An overview of structural equation modeling: its beginnings, historical development, usefulness and controversies in the social sciences. Qual Quant Int J Methodol. 2018;52(1):313-54. [Link] [DOI:10.1007/s11135-017-0469-8] [PMID] [PMCID]
18. Carico R, Sheppard J, Thomas CB. Community pharmacists and communication in the time of COVID-19: Applying the health belief model. Res Soc Adm Pharm. 2021;17(1):1984-7. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.03.017] [PMID] [PMCID]
19. Wong LP, Alias H, Wong PF, Lee HY, AbuBakar S. The use of the health belief model to assess predictors of intent to receive the COVID-19 vaccine and willingness to pay. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020;16(9):2204-14. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/21645515.2020.1790279] [PMID] [PMCID]
20. Shewasinad Yehualashet S, Asefa KK, Mekonnen AG, Gemeda BN, Shiferaw WS, Aynalem YA, et al. Predictors of adherence to COVID-19 prevention measure among communities in north Shoa zone, Ethiopia based on health belief model: A cross-sectional study. Plos One. 2021;16(1):0246006. [Link] [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0246006] [PMID] [PMCID]
21. Salahshoori A, Harooni J, Salahshouri S, Hasanzadeh A, Mostafavi F, Molaei M. Investigation on association between self-efficacy, perceived barriers and social supports with health promoting behaviors in elderly in Dena city. Health Syst Res. 2015;11(1):30-42. [Persian] [Link]
22. Rezasefat Balesbaneh A, Mirhaghjou N, Jafsri Asl M, Kohmanaee S, Kazemnejad Leili E, Monfared A. Correlation between self-care and self-efficacy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. J Holist Nurs Midwifery. 2014;24(2):18-24. [Persian] [Link]
23. Buglar ME, White KM, Robinson NG. The role of self-efficacy in dental patients' brushing and flossing: Testing an extended health belief model. Patient Educ Couns. 2010;78(2):269-72. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.pec.2009.06.014] [PMID]
24. Buck HG, Dickson VV, Fida R, Riegel B, D'Agostino F, Alvaro R, et al. Predictors of hospitalization and quality of life in heart failure: A model of comorbidity, self-efficacy and self-care. Int J Nurs Stud. 2015;52(11):1714-22. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.06.018] [PMID]
25. Wendling S, Beadle V. The relationship between self-efficacy and diabetic foot self-care. J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2015;2(1):37-41. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.jcte.2015.01.001] [PMID] [PMCID]
26. Kasmaei P, Shokravi FA, Hidarnia A, Hajizadeh E, Atrkar-Roushan Z, Shirazi KK, et al. Brushing behavior among young adolescents: does perceived severity matter. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:8. [Link] [DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-14-8] [PMID] [PMCID]
27. Solhi M, Shojaei Zadeh D, Seraj B, Faghih Zadeh S. The application of the health belief model in oral health education. Iran J Public Health. 2010;39(4):114-9. [Link]
28. Sulat JS, Prabandari YS, Sanusi R, Hapsari ED, Santoso B. The validity of health belief model variables in predicting behavioral change: A scoping review. Health Educ. 2018;118(16). [Link] [DOI:10.1108/HE-05-2018-0027]
29. Mohebi S, Azadbakht L, Feizi A, Sharifirad G, Kargar M. Structural role of perceived benefits and barriers to self-care in patients with diabetes. J Educ Health Promot. 2013;2:37. [Link] [DOI:10.4103/2277-9531.115831] [PMID] [PMCID]
30. Li ZT, Yang SS, Zhang XX, Fisher EB, Tian BC, Sun XY. Complex relation among Health Belief Model components in TB prevention and care. Public Health. 2015;129(7):907-15. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2015.04.008] [PMID]
31. Baghianimoghadam MH, Mirzaei M, Rahimdel T. Role of health beliefs in preventive behaviors of individuals at risk of cardiovascular diseases. Health Syst Res. 2013;8(7):1151-8. [Persian] [Link]
32. Rahaei Z, Morowatisharifabad MA, Zareiyan M, Shojaefard J, Lesan S. Perceived benefits and barriers of preventive behaviours of relapsed myocardial infraction. J Gorgan Univ Med Sci. 2011;13(2):117-22. [Persian] [Link]
33. Namdar A, Bigizadeh S, Naghizadeh MM. Measuring health belief model components in adopting preventive behaviors of cervical cancer. J Fasa Univ Med Sci. 2012;2(1):34-44. [Persian] [Link]
34. Dehghani-Tafti A, Mazloomy Mahmoodabad SS, Morowatisharifabad MA, Ardakani MA, Rezaeipandari H, Lotfi MH. Determinants of self-care in diabetic patients based on health belief model. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;7(5):33-42. [Link] [DOI:10.5539/gjhs.v7n5p33] [PMID] [PMCID]
35. Zareipour MA, Ardakani MF, Moradali MR, Jadgal MS, Movahed E. Determinants of COVID-19 prevention behavior in the elderly in Urmia: Application of health belief model. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2020;8(1):646-50. [Link] [DOI:10.3889/oamjms.2020.5653]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |